Applications: Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)
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Organizations mentioned or cited on this 2024 report page. A historical mention does not establish current products, availability or endorsement.
Sources and links on page 153 (7)
Links embedded in the original report PDF, including citations and other references. These destinations have not been independently reviewed. Links open in a new tab.
- https://vanitec.org/latest-from-vanitec/article/china-sees-surge-in-100mwh-vanadium-flow-battery-energy-storage-projects
- https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/180ah-blade-nfpp-sodium-ion-battery-mass-launching-jerry-tuhlc/?trackingId=Zj8pU9YyTdmglN5%2FGy3NmQ%3D%3D
- https://en.hithium.com/newsroom/latest/details/62.html
- https://www.catl.com/en/news/6301.html
- https://www.anl.gov/article/a-new-era-for-batteries-argonne-leads-50m-sodiumion-innovation-push
- https://www.energy-storage.news/rongke-power-completes-grid-forming-175mw-700mwh-vanadium-flow-battery-in-china-worlds-largest/
- https://www.pv-magazine.com/2024/07/30/california-state-grant-advances-2-gwh-iron-flow-battery-deployment-plans/
Text on page 153
Alternative Chemistries - Sodium-Ion, Iron Air And Flow Batteries Although Li-ion occupies approximately 98% of the BESS market, there are several competing chemistries vying to become leaders based on improvements in cost, safety performance and duration. See more on these technologies in the Non-lithium Chemistries section.
SODIUM-ION (NA-ION)
FLOW BATTERIES
METAL AIR
Intended for 2-10 hour grid storage, residential storage, and lead-acid replacement
Intended for ~6-24hr energy storage to stabilize grid & provide peak shifting/load shifting capability
Intended for use cases up to 100hr to provide dispatchable capacity for seasonal storage
KEY 2024 DEVELOPMENTS:
BYD launched a BESS long blade Na-ion cell (90 Wh/kg) for large-scale grid applications
Hithium launched a sodium-ion cell specifically for utility-scale storage
CATL announced a combined Li-ion/ Na-ion battery cell
DOE announced a $50m grant to advance research in Na-ion battery cell technology
KEY 2024 DEVELOPMENTS: Total global flow battery capacity increased to >40 GWh
Vanadium (VFRB): Large capacity additions were made in Asia, including a 700 MWh project in China.
Iron Flow: 2 GWh in iron flow deployment was announced in California and >3 GWh in Australia.
KEY 2024 DEVELOPMENTS:
Iron-Air: Form Energy raised $405M in its Series F round. Upcoming 1.5 MW/150 MWh project with Minnesota utility Great River Energy (GRE) in 2025.
Nickel/Hydrogen: EnerVenue raised $515M and announced pilot project in Milwaukee for its 2-12hr duration batteries
Sources: https://vanitec.org/latest-from-vanitec/article/china-sees-surge-in-100mwh-vanadium-flow-battery-energy-storage-projects
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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