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NMC Cathode Active Material Synthesis Process NMC CATHODE PRECURSOR SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW NMC CATHODE PRECURSOR
Reagent Prep -Ni, Mn, Co salt dissolution -Chelating agent -Caustic solution
NMC CATHODE SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW
NixMnyCo1-x-yOH or NixMnyCo1-x-yCO3
NMC CATHODE PRECURSOR +LiOH or Li2CO3 +Dopants & Coatings
+Heat
Material Mixing
Co-Precipitation +Water
NMC POLYCRYSTAL CATHODE
LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2
NMC SINGLE CRYSTAL CATHODE
+Heat +Oxygen
Calcination Washing +Heat
-CO2 -H2O
-Wastewater
Drying, Sieving -H2O
NMC CATHODE PRECURSOR
-Multiple grain boundaries in each particle -Higher capacity -Better rate capability
-Single continuous crystal lattice in each particle -Higher stability -Better cycling
Source: Comparison of Single Crystal and Polycrystal → Dahn et al. Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 1500–1503 → https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm803144d Precursor Synthesis process → Jing Li et al. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2017, 164 A1534 → https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1149/2.0401714jes/pdf
Milling, Sieving, Washing
NMC POLYCRYSTAL CATHODE
Additional coating, doping, and/or washing steps may be needed for high-nickel CAM
-Li2CO3 -LiOH
NMC SINGLE CRYSTAL CATHODE
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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