Chemistry: Solid State

Manufacturing Differences With Respect To Traditional Li-Ion With Liquid Electrolyte CHEMISTRY

Li-ion with Liquid Electrolyte

Oxide Solid State Battery

Sulfide Solid State Battery

Polymer Solid State Battery

Key Manufacturing Differences

Source: Fraunhofer ISI

ANODE PRODUCTION

CATHODE PRODUCTION

SEPARATOR PRODUCTION

CELL ASSEMBLY

Anode slurry mixing and coating,

Cathode slurry mixing and

Extrusion process, can be both

Stacking, packaging, electrolyte filling and degassing, aging

drying, calendering

coating, drying, calendering

dry and wet

Lithium foil extrusion, calendaring,

Cathode slurry mixing and

Slurry mixing and coating, HT

lamination

coating, drying, LT sintering

sintering, lamination, LT sintering

Lithium foil extrusion, calendaring,

Cathode slurry mixing and

Slurry mixing and coating, drying,

lamination

coating, drying, calendering

calendering

Extrusion, calendaring

Extrusion, calendering

Stack pressing, aging

For Oxide and Sulfide, the cathode undergoes a process similar to traditional Li-ion, but solid electrolyte particles are mixed in the slurry. Additionally, Oxide SSBs need the expensive sintering step. On the other hand, Polymer SSBs necessitate extrusion.

In Oxide and Sulfide SSBs, the wet processing of the separator markedly differs from the traditional extrusion process employed in Li-ion batteries.

Unlike Li-ion batteries, SSBs do not require electrolyte filling and degassing, marking one of the distinctive advantages of SSBs.

Lithium foil extrusion, calendaring, lamination

Remarkable difference in comparison to Li-ion, primarily attributed to the extrusion process of the lithium metal foil. Notably, the process for Si-based anodes is more akin to traditional Li-ion methods.

Stack pressing, aging

Stack pressing, aging

Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.