Chemistry: Non-Lithium Chemistries
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Key Findings From Na-ion vs Li-ion – ARC / Thermal Ramp Testing
Na-ion layered oxide (NFM) show similar thermal runaway properties (>1 ̊C / min) to Li-ion NMC/NCA.
1.5 Ah Na-ion NFM
1.5 Ah Li-ion NMC
Na-ion polyanion (NVPF) and Prussian blue avoids thermal runaway (<1 ̊C / min).
Na-ion Prussian blue generates hydrogen cyanide during cell abuse.
Thermal runaway risk is correlated to energy density / cell capacity.
Source: Alex M. Bates and Loraine Torres-Castro, Sandia National Laboratories
Thermal runaway
Source: Rachel Carter, Gordon Waller, Connor Jacob, Dillon Hayman and Corey Love, US Naval Research Laboratory
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