Sources and links on page 380 (4)
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- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jacs.4c01711?casa_token=RJhnssAwG3gAAAAA%3A_B_2n21JCKJku5Jg3XCq3OWt9hbGc3lQgXarhoINBp3odlesAGt9vkI2iCYcO-tUJBn9tdWCpTCkYv7T
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01549
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- https://www.nature.com/articles/natrevmats201613/figures/2
Text on page 380
Particle coating mitigation strategies are aimed at accommodating the extensive volume expansion of silicon (~320%) and thereby minimizing particle cracking/ pulverization, which can lead to loss of electrical contact and/or low active material utilization and therefore low capacity retention. The following articles highlight recent publications that employ three of the most commonly-used particle coating mitigation strategies:
Image taken from [4]
Unlocking The Use Of Silicon-Containing Anodes Via Different Techniques Volume expansion in the silicon anode leads to severe degradation of cycling performance during lithiation/ delithiation, so various techniques are under consideration for improving the performance of silicon-containing anodes.
DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES Li et al. [1] employed a ball-mill method to systematically create various high-entropy silicon-metal particles from SiP spherulites and thus generating various lithium-storing active materials from the silicon base. Of these, InZnSiP3 achieved a capacity of ~720 mAh g-1 after 1500 cycles (2 Ag-1) and maintained a similar capacity at a high C-rate (10 A g-1).
Sun et al. [2] created a biomimetic 3-D interwoven conductive binder employing PAA as a backbone and PEG/PEI as connections that mitigated Li+ resistance and relieved volumetric lithiation stress. A rate capability of ~1900 mAh g-1 was achieved at 8.0 A g-1 and a capacity retention of 85%+ for 150 cycles at a high areal capacity loading (3 mAh cm-1).
Sources: [1] Li et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024; [2] Sun et al, Nano Lett, 2024; [3] Wu et al. Small. 2024; [4] Choi and Aurbach. Nat. Rev. Matter. 2016
Wu et al. [3] synthesized a yolk-shell architecture from microsized silicon particles using an alkali etch step that creates a void on the surface of the silicon between a double-walled “shell” layer to better accommodate the volume expansions. This strategy allowed for a high capacity-retention of 95% after 100 cycles in a full cell.
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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