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Cell Manufacturing LCA - Pathway to Lowering the Impact
The study from P31 shows that a state of the art battery manufacturing emits approximately 54.7 kgCO2e/kWh in regards of product carbon footprint (PCF). P31 shows that this PCF can be lowered massively to 20.9 kgCO2e/kWh or -62% by using renewable energy in the upstream of raw material, CAM production as well as in cell manufacturing. Second driver is dry coating technology and material recycling. In regards of the used CAM chemistry there is a huge benefit for LFP with 15 kgCO2e/kWh versus NCM811 with 38 kgCO2e/kWh (+2,5x). But there are possible savings in PCF by using renewables in CAM supply and manufacturing which lower the impact for NCM811.
Source: [1] P3 consulting
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