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Organizations mentioned or cited on this 2025 report page. A historical mention does not establish current products, availability or endorsement.
Sources and links on page 142 (9)
Links embedded in the original report PDF, including citations and other references. These destinations have not been independently reviewed. Links open in a new tab.
- https://usa.nissannews.com/en-US/releases/sk-on-and-nissan-announce-battery-supply-agreement-to-support-future-ev-production-in-america?
- https://news.samsungsdi.com/global/articleView?seq=24&utm
- https://pressroom.toyota.com/lg-energy-solution-and-toyota-sign-long-term-battery-supply-agreement-to-power-electric-vehicles-in-the-u-s/
- https://investor.gm.com/news-releases/news-release-details/gm-and-lg-energy-solution-extend-battery-technology-partnership
- https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/corporate/43380876.html
- https://www.google.com/url?esrc=s&q=&rct=j&sa=U&url=https://usa.nissannews.com/en-US/releases/sk-on-and-nissan-announce-battery-supply-agreement-to-support-future-ev-production-in-america&ved=2ahUKEwj0qomw7cKRAxVQx8kDHSVOBloQFnoECAgQAg&usg=AOvVaw3joQUal5iQrIW4VW0LN03d
- https://discoveryalert.com.au/green-revolution-ev-battery-recycling-2025/
- https://investor.gm.com/news-releases/news-release-details/gm-and-lg-energy-solution-pioneer-lmr-battery-cell-technology
- https://www.cbtnews.com/us-doe-trims-9-6b-loan-as-ford-sk-on-end-ev-battery-partnership/
Text on page 142
New Alliances, Partnerships, Investments by OEMs into Battery Suppliers OEM / Partner / Buyer
Agreement type
Deal / Partnership / Consolidation Type
What It Means / Why It's Relevant
Supply agreement
SK On agreed to supply Nissan with ~100GWh of batteries from US battery plants starting in 2028 through 2033 to support EV production in Mississippi.
Deduce tariff risk, reduce dependency on Chinese made batteries and meet policies that support domestic manufacturing.
Joint venture
$2.5 billion joint venture to build a battery cell and module factory in Indiana
Strategic domestic battery sourcing for next-gen passenger EVs
Supply agreement
Long-term battery supply agreement (US/global EV programs) including recycling
Traditional OEMs favor strategic suppliers over spot sourcing, reinforcing supplier consolidation around Tier-1 battery leaders.
Technology partnership
GM and LGES announced plans to jointly develop EV batteries using new lithium manganese rich (LMR) cathodes.
OEMs are diversifying cathode chemistry, especially with China-free supply chains, and developing next-gen battery tech that use cheaper materials.
Battery-tech development agreement
Collaboration on cathode materials for new battery technology (all solid state batteries)
Upstream integration into materials for next-gen technologies
Note: Ford and SK ON ended battery partnership in December 2025.
Source: [1] Nissan + SK On [2] Stellantis + Samsung [3]Toyota + LG [4] GM + LGES [5] Toyota + Sumitomo
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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