Directory profiles · Battery Business Directory
Organizations mentioned or cited on this 2025 report page. A historical mention does not establish current products, availability or endorsement.
Sources and links on page 155 (61)
Links embedded in the original report PDF, including citations and other references. These destinations have not been independently reviewed. Links open in a new tab.
- https://www.electrive.com/2023/04/17/chery-becomes-launch-customer-for-catls-sodium-ion-batteries/
- https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/toyota/38131700.html#:~:text=The%20electrification%20system%20combines%20BYD%27s,efficient%2C%20advanced%2C%20safe%2C%20and%20reliable
- https://www.adamasintel.com/lfp-now-commands-40-of-the-global-ev-battery-market/
- https://www.adamasintel.com/lfp-for-the-massive-ncm-for-the-majority/
- https://patentpc.com/blog/lfp-vs-nmc-batteries-market-growth-and-performance-comparisons-stats
- https://www.cbtnews.com/volkswagen-unveils-standardized-ev-battery-cell-to-power-future-models/
- https://poweredsolutions.gm.com/content/dam/gmpoweredsolutions/na/us/en/index/products/high-voltage-battery/02-pdfs/GM%20Powered%20Solutions_Li-Ion_Rechargable%20Energy%20Storage%20System_Sell%20Sheet_8-8-23.pdf
- https://www.bmwblog.com/2024/10/18/bmw-lfp-vs-nmc-batteries-ev-performance-sustainability/
- https://www.spglobal.com/mobility/en/research-analysis/briefcase-sodium-ion-batteries-to-unseat-lithium.html
- https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/stellantis-invest-french-sodium-ion-battery-maker-ev-output-2024-01-12/
- https://www.sustainable-bus.com/components/byd-blade-battery-new-generation-2024/
- https://bslbatt.com/blogs/lithium-battery-price-2025-current-costs-trends-and-changes/
- https://batteriesnews.com/what-are-the-most-lightweight-batteries-for-ev/
- https://cnevpost.com/2023/12/28/2-evs-powered-by-sodium-batteries-roll-off-line/
- https://electrek.co/2024/08/13/zeekr-announces-new-lfp-batteries-recharge-ev-10-80-minutes/
- https://topelectricsuv.com/news/byd/byd-blade-battery-update/
- https://blog.rosenhyundaikenosha.com/how-long-does-it-take-to-charge-an-ioniq-5/
- https://media.vw.com/releases/1781
- https://www.catl.com/en/news/665.html
- https://carnewschina.com/2025/09/08/catls-naxtra-sodium-ion-passes-new-national-safety-standards-ready-for-mass-production/
- https://www.large-battery.com/blog/rechargeable-battery-lasts-long-comparison/
- https://www.energy-x.org/news/tesla-ev-batteries-retain-80-capacity-after-200000-miles.html
- https://www.large-battery.com/blog/summary-table-lithium-based-batteries/
- https://www.recurrentauto.com/guides/hyundai-ioniq-5
- https://chargedevs.com/newswire/catl-plans-to-mass-produce-naxtra-sodium-ion-ev-battery-packs-by-the-end-of-2025/
- https://energy.sustainability-directory.com/term/lithium-iron-phosphate/
- https://www.wiltsonenergy.com/newsinfo60.html
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950264025000759
- https://amphenol-sensors.com/ev-thermal-management-and-sensors-for-manufacturers
- https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/the-worlds-first-ev-powered-by-farasis-energys-sodium-ion-batteries-rolls-off-the-assembly-line-302029501.html
- https://chargedevs.com/newswire/catl-plans-to-mass-produce-naxtra-sodium-ion-ev-battery-packs-by-the-end-of-2025
- https://about.bnef.com/insights/commodities/lithium-ion-battery-pack-prices-see-largest-drop-since-2017-falling-to-115-per-kilowatt-hour-bloombergnef/
- https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/battery-cell-prices-fall-record-low-september-says-report-2024-10-30/
- https://about.bnef.com/insights/clean-energy/lithium-ion-battery-pack-prices-hit-record-low-of-139-kwh/?
- https://www.anl.gov/sites/www/files/2025-09/GPRA2025_%2011Sep2025.pdf
- https://www.ess-news.com/2025/11/28/sodium-ion-battery-cell-cost-could-drop-to-40-kwh-says-irena/
- https://ev-database.org/car/1555/Tesla-Model-3-RWD
- https://ev-database.org/car/2001/BYD-SEAL-825-kWh-RWD-Design
- https://www.hyundaiusa.com/us/en/vehicles/2024-ioniq-6
- https://www.kianewscenter.com/news/kia-announces-310-mile-epa-certified-range-for-all-new-ev6/s/84818b0d-8565-4c30-a267-434b892a915d
- https://www.jimellisvwatlanta.com/new-vehicles/id-4/
- https://www.tustincadillac.com/cadillac-lyriq-discover-the-charge-range-and-charging-time-in-tustin-ca/
- https://electrifynews.com/news/batteries/jmev-ev3-first-to-use-farasis-energys-sodium-ion-ev-batteries
- https://carnewschina.com/2025/12/22/cherys-exeed-exlantix-et7-suv-range-info-exposed-max-726-km-and-catls-97-682-kwh-nmc-battery-for-bev-variant/
- https://www.electrive.com/2024/02/22/jac-yiwei-starts-first-exports-electric-cars-with-sodium-ion-batteries/
- https://www.bmwblog.com/2024/10/18/bmw-lfp-vs-nmc-batteries-ev-performance-sustainability/#:~:text=Do%20BMW%20Vehicles%20Use%20LFP,a%20press%20release%20from%202022.
- https://www.sunvoltbat.com/lfp-vs-nmc-which-battery-wins-for-evs.html/#:~:text=Understanding%20NMC%20Batteries%20On%20the%20flip%20side%2C,EVs%20like%20those%20from%20BMW%20or%20Lucid.
- https://www.shop4tesla.com/en/pages/tesla-unterschiede-der-batterie#:~:text=NMC%20cells%20are%20used%20in%20the%20Long,the%20Tesla%20Model%203%20and%20Y%20models.
- https://www.kennyrossfordsouth.com/ford-to-introduce-new-battery-technology-for-mustang-mach-e/#:~:text=Ford%20To%20Introduce%20New%20Battery%20Cells%20For%20EV%20Lineup,GT%20using%20NMC%20battery%20cells.
- https://www.batterytechonline.com/materials/how-toyota-s-next-gen-ev-batteries-redefine-speed-range
- https://insideevs.com/news/758291/rivian-battery-stockpile-asia-trump-tariffs/
- https://www.wired.com/story/gms-final-ev-battery-strategy-copies-chinas-playbook-super-cheap-cells/#:~:text=LMR's%20Future%20Promise,production%E2%80%94in%20Warren%2C%20Ohio.
- https://carnewschina.com/2025/11/07/byd-doubles-down-on-lfp-batteries-safety-first-for-chinas-evs/
- https://www.carsdirect.com/automotive-news/hyundai-evs-may-get-cheaper-lfp-batteries
- https://evchargingstations.com/chargingnews/hyundai-ioniq-9s-110-kwh-battery-can-recharge-10-80-in-24-minutes/#:~:text=The%20main%20reason%20behind%20the,ion%20battery%E2%80%99s%20chemistry%20is%20NCM
- https://mercedesblog.com/entry-level-mercedes-cla-ev-version-with-lfp-battery-starts-at-e46500/#:~:text=After%20debuting%20with%20the%20large,for%20a%20price%20of%20%E2%82%AC46%2C500
- https://evpowered.co.uk/news/2026-dacia-spring-update-brings-more-power-and-better-safety/#:~:text=That%20new%20battery%20is%20a,to%20140%20miles%20per%20charge
- https://insideevs.com/news/712821/nio-standard-75kwh-battery-lfp/#:~:text=Let%27s%20recall%20that%20initially%2C%20NIO,dense%20than%20NCM
- https://www.electrive.com/2023/08/09/mg4-gets-optional-larger-battery/#:~:text=UK%20prices%20for%20the%20new,at%20least%20in%20the%20UK
- https://www.mossynissannationalcity.com/blog/exploring-nissans-hybrid-and-electric-lineup/
- https://www.tomorrowstechnician.com/volvo-releases-ex30-ev-its-smallest-suv-to-date/#:~:text=The%20Volvo%20EX30%20is%20an%20all%2Delectric%20SUV,energy%20more%20efficiently%20than%20the%20LFP%20variant.
Text on page 155
EV Cell Chemistry Performance Comparison: LFP, NMC & Na-ion LFP Batteries
NMC Batteries
Na-ion Batteries
Status (Maturity)
LFP powers ~40% of EVs on 2024; Tesla and BYD lead with ~68% of global deployments (2022).
Supply ~50% of global EV battery demand; Dominant for long-range and premium EVs (VW, GM and BMW).
CATL, BYD, JAC, and JMEV launched sodium-ion EVs in 2023–2024; Stellantis investing for future models.
Energy Density (Wh/kg)
CATL’s LFP cells reach ~205 Wh/kg; BYD’s Blade improved from ~140 Wh/kg (2020) to ~150–190 Wh/kg (2024–2025).
High-Ni NMC cells in volume production reach ~240–280 Wh/kg; NMC EV packs typically ~250–300 Wh/kg
CATL’s Na-ion energy density rose from ~160 Wh/kg (2021) to ~175 Wh/kg (2025 Naxtra), nearing LFP levels.
Fast-Charging Capability
LFP EVs charge 10–80% in ~25–40 min; next-gen BYD Blade enables ~3C charging, reaching ~20 min.
800 V NMC platforms like Hyundai Ioniq 5/6: 10–80% in ~18–30 min; NMC packs in VW ID.4: 10–80% in ~28–40 min.
CATL’s Na-ion charges to 80% in ~15 min; 3C–4C prototypes fully charge in ~15–20 min, even cold.
Cycle Life (Durability)
LFP batteries deliver 2,500–9,000 cycles, often exceeding 200,000 miles, ensuring exceptional durability for taxis and buses.
Cells ~1,000–2,000 full-equivalent cycles to ~80% SOH (~250k–500k km), with OEM warranties ≥70% capacity for 8 years or 100k–150k miles.
CATL’s Naxtra Na-ion battery exceeds 10,000 cycles (~3.6 million miles), surpassing LFP durability in recent lab tests.
Thermal & Cold Performance
LFP batteries are fire-resistant and stable up to ~300 °C but lose performance in cold, needing heating below 0 °C.
BMS keeps cells near 15–45 °C using pre-heating & active thermal management to reduce cold-weather losses.
Sodium-ion cells retain >90% capacity at –20 °C and operate –40 °C to +60 °C, offering superior cold-weather safety.
Cost & Materials
2024: LFP packs cost ~$115/kWh, some cells near $50/kWh.
NMC cells ≈$140/kWh; With estimated NMC-graphite EV packs of ≈$103/kWh; costs sensitive to Ni/Co price.
Sodium-ion cells cost ~$50/kWh vs ~$70 Li-ion; scalable production may reach ~$40/kWh using lithium-free materials.
Typical EV Range
Tesla Model 3 (60 kWh LFP) reaches ~500 km WLTP; BYD Seal (~82 kWh) achieves ~570 km WLTP.
Long-range NMC crossovers/SUVs (Ioniq 5/6, EV6, ID.4 Pro, Lyriq) give ~280–330 miles real-world EPA/WLTP.
JMEV EV3’s 21.4 kWh Na-ion pack offers ~251 km CLTC range; CATL’s 160 Wh/kg pack targets ~500 km.
COMPANY LANDSCAPE†
NMC
LFP
NMC LFP
Na-ion
NMC Na-ion LFP
May not reflect all companies
Source: Company announcements
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
More in Industry (22)
Page 155 · 26/52