Sources and links on page 286 (2)
Links embedded in the original report PDF, including citations and other references. These destinations have not been independently reviewed. Links open in a new tab.
Text on page 286
Battery Performance Metrics: Definitions and Applications (2/2) Performance Metric
Definition
Improvements Enable
Coulombic Efficiency
The ratio of charge extracted during discharge to charge supplied during charge in a single cycle.
Understanding long-term capacity fade, lithium inventory loss, and cycle life prediction (EV, Grid, R&D).
Depth of Discharge (DoD) Capability
The allowable fraction of total capacity that can be repeatedly used without accelerated degradation.
Lifetime optimization and usable energy planning (Grid storage, EVs).
State of Charge (SOC) Accuracy
The accuracy with which the battery’s remaining charge can be estimated during operation.
Reliable battery management, range prediction, and user confidence (EV, Consumer, Medical).
Round-Trip Energy Efficiency:
The ratio of energy delivered during discharge to energy required during charge
Enables applications where energy losses directly impact operating cost and system sizing (Grid, EV, Storage)
Usable Energy vs. Temperature:
The fraction of nominal energy that can be delivered as a function of operating temperature
Enables applications requiring predictable runtime across climates (EV, Grid, Aerospace, DOD)
Usable Power vs. Temperature:
The maximum deliverable power output as a function of temperature without exceeding voltage or Enables cold-start and high-power operation in extreme thermal limits environments (EV, eVTOL, Aerospace, Military)
Internal Resistance (DCIR / ACIR):
The effective resistance of the cell that causes voltage drop and heat generation under load
Enables assessment of power capability, efficiency, and aging behavior (EV, Power Tools, Grid)
Resistance Growth Over Time:
The increase in internal resistance with cycling and calendar aging
Enables lifetime power prediction and end-of-life criteria definition (EV, Aerospace, Grid)
Self-Discharge Rate:
The rate at which stored energy is lost over time without external load
Enables long-duration storage, standby systems, and infrequently used assets (Grid, DOD, Backup Power)
Source: Battery Report 2023 and 2024, Battery Talk: Battery Application Break Down 12/31/2025 (Version 3.0)
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
More in Industry (22)
Page 286 · 5/15