Sources and links on page 295 (1)
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Market
Sub-Market
Wh/kg
Wh/L
Max Discharge Rate
Max Discharge Pulse
Max Charge Rate
Max Charge Pulse
Functional Requirements Cycle Life (80%)
Calendar Life
Shelf Life
Safety
$/kWh
$ / kWh / Cycle
eVTOL Low Earth Orbit Satellites Aerospace
Medium Earth Orbit Satellites Geostationary Orbit Satellites Unmanned Aerial Systems Motorcycle
Automotive
Sports Car Sedan Heavy Duty Trucks
Consumer Electronics
Smart Phones & Watches Power Tools & Gardening E-Bikes Commercial and Industrial
Grid
Residential Utility
Medical Devices
Surgical Tools Monitoring Devices Infantry
Military
Backup Power Missiles Communications
* Cell design and components other than the cathode can make a very large difference in cell performance metrics Ratings marked with “**”are based on published data but have no commercial cells For more details and sources, please visit: Battery Talk: Battery Application Break Down 12/31/2025 (Version 3.0
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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