VFBATTERY REPORT
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Solid State Batteries

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Battery Report 2025, page 601: Solid State Batteries
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Ionic Liquids as Designed Components of Solid Polymer Electrolyte Architectures The intentional functional integration of ionic liquids (ILs) into polymer networks and polymers with designed confinement enables lithium and beyond-lithium solid polymer electrolytes to reach reasonable room-temperature ionic conductivity (>10-4 S/cm) and to balance the trade-off with mechanical strength and interfacial instability. Ionic liquid incorporation not only acts as a plasticizer, but has been shown to improve contact at metal interfaces, suppress dendrites and brittle fracture, improve thermal stability, and enable self-adaptive, viscous behavior. The structural integration of ILs to polymer networks produces a “liquid-like” matrix that enables high ionic conductivity within a mechanically robust electrolyte film.

Room-Temperature ionic conductivity of sodium quasi-solid polymer electrolytes upon varying amount of plasticizer.

In sodium systems, IL incorporation can be used to alter the anion-polymer interactions to increase cation diffusivity. Novel blending strategies have enabled long cell cycling and excellent fuel-cell performance. In potassium systems, ILs enabled ionic conductivity above 10-3 S/cm and positivity influenced stable SEI formation.

Solid polymer electrolytes that structurally integrate ionic liquids have emerged as a key design trend that has enabled room-temperature conductivity, improved ion coordination and mobility, and stable metal anodes in beyond-lithium solid-state batteries.

Flammability test photos of fabricated composite IL-polymer lithium electrolyte films

Source: [1] Kala, V. S., Soni, C. B., Sungjammenla, et. al. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2025. [2] Chen, J., Ebrahimi-Koodehi, S., Iliev, B., et. al. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2025. [3] Makhlooghiazad, F., Mejia, L. M. G., Rollo-Walker, G., et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024 [4] Chae, W., Earmme, T. ACS Omega, 2025

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