Directory profiles · Battery Business Directory
Organizations mentioned or cited on this 2025 report page. A historical mention does not establish current products, availability or endorsement.
Sources and links on page 701 (6)
Links embedded in the original report PDF, including citations and other references. These destinations have not been independently reviewed. Links open in a new tab.
- https://www.catl.com/en/uploads/1/file/public/202505/20250512071033_9of2dqw816.pdf
- https://news.lgensol.com/company-news/supplementary-stories/681/
- https://www.batterytechonline.com/battery-manufacturing/lg-energy-solution-opens-first-us-large-scale-lfp-battery-plant-for-energy-storage
- https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/li-ion-battery-supply-chain-database
- https://www.automotivemanufacturingsolutions.com/electrification/panasonic-to-grow-battery-production-by-10-at-tesla-nevada-gigafactory/526130
- https://lgensol.pl/en/get-know-us/
Text on page 701
Workforce Research
How Many Workers Are Needed for Cell Manufacturing? Battery cell manufacturing labor intensity peaks during production ramp-up, often exceeding 400 workers per GWh.
LABOR INTENSITY
As production capacity scales, process automation and process maturity improves efficiency, requiring fewer workers per GWh. At steady-state production, the labor intensity declines sharply, with best-in-class plants approaching 80 workers per GWh:
CATL (Global):
LGES (Michigan, US):
108 workers/GWh2,3
PENA (Nevada, US):
137 workers/GWh4,5
LGES (Wrocław, Poland):
81 workers/GWh6
workers/GWh1
WORKFORCE
PRODUCTION CAPACITY Data summarizes publicly-available employment and factory production data from company reports, press releases, and news reports. The data was compiled and summarized by Krish Lulla (krishisd@umich.edu) as part of an independent research project at the University of Michigan. Production capacity corresponds to realized or deployed capacity, not promised capacity.
Sources: 1. CATL, 2. LG Energy Solution, 3. Battery Technology Online, 4. NAATBatt, 5. Automotive Manufacturing Solutions, 6. LG Energy Solution.
Extracted from the PDF; charts and images may read imperfectly.
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